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| Singular Plural |
Singular/plural Nouns in the English language
In all languages we must talk about the number, in the English language there are two numbers
Singular ( one person or thing )
Plural ( more than one person or thing )
Singular Noun:
A single noun is one that only refers to one person or thing. It is called singular.
Plural Noun:
When a noun refers to more than one person or thing. It is called plural.
Rules of forming the Plural noun
Rule no 1 :
The most usual way of making a plural noun is by adding ” s ” to the singular.
| Rule number 1 |
| Singular |
Plural |
| Cat |
Cats |
| Bat |
Bats |
| car |
cars |
| Fan |
Fans |
| Door |
Doors |
| Window |
Windows |
| Pen |
Pens |
| King |
Kings |
| Paper |
Papers |
| Picture |
Pictures |
Rule no 2 :
Nouns ending with ” s, ss, sh, ch, or x,z ” are made plural by ending “es” to the singular.
| Rule number 2 |
| Singular |
Plural |
| Class |
Classes |
| Bus |
Buses |
| Glass |
Glasses |
| Dish |
Dishes |
| Brush |
Brushes |
| Bush |
Bushes |
| Branch |
Branches |
| Lunch |
Lunches |
| Church |
Churches |
| Fox |
Foxes |
| Box |
Boxes |
| Tax |
Taxes |
| Bench |
Benches |
| Pitch |
Pitches |
| Ass |
Asses |
| Dress |
Dresses |
| Match |
Matches |
| Gas |
Gases |
| Inch |
Inches |
Rule no 3 :
Nouns ending with ” O ” are made plural by adding “es” to singular.
| Rule number 3 |
| Singular |
Plural |
| Potato |
Potatoes |
| Tomato |
Tomatoes |
| Mango |
Mangoes |
| Hero |
Heroes |
| Echo |
Echoes |
Rule no 4 :
Some nouns ending with ” O ” have only “s”
in their plural forms.
| Rule number 4 |
| Singular |
Plural |
| Video |
Videos |
| Piano |
Pianos |
| Photo |
Photos |
| Radio |
Radios |
| Stereo |
Stereos |
| Bamboo |
Bamboos |
| Dynamo |
Dynamos |
| Kangaroo |
Kangaroos |
| Zoo |
Zoos |
Rule no 5 :
Noun ending with ” y ” with a consonant before ” y ” these words are made plural by changing ” y” into ” i ” and adding ” es ” in them.
| Rule number 5 |
| Singular |
Plural |
| Party |
Parties |
| Lady |
Ladies |
| Puppy |
Puppies |
| City |
Cities |
| Family |
Families |
| Baby |
Babies |
| Company |
Companies |
| Army |
Armies |
| Poetry |
Poetries |
| Story |
Stories |
| Penny |
Pennies |
| Berry |
Berries |
| Scenery |
Sceneries |
| Candy |
Candies |
| Pony |
Ponies |
| County |
Countries |
| Copy |
Copies |
| Enemy |
Enemies |
| Library |
Libraries |
| University |
Universities |
Rule no 6:
Nouns ending with “y” with a vowel before “y” these words are made plural by simply add an “s” in them.
| Rule number 6 |
| Singular |
Plural |
| Boy |
Boys |
| Ray |
Rays |
| Toy |
Toys |
| Kidney |
Kidneys |
| Donkey |
Donkeys |
| Monkey |
Monkeys |
| Highway |
Highways |
| Day |
Days |
| Holiday |
Holidays |
| Journey |
Journeys |
| Storey |
Storeys |
| Key |
Keys |
| Guy |
Guys |
| Tray |
Trays |
| Valley |
Valleys |
Rule no 7 :
Many nouns ending with ” f ” or ” fe ” are made plural by changing into ” v ” and adding “es ” into them.
| Rule number 7 |
| Singular |
Plural |
| Life |
Lives |
| Thief |
Thieves |
| Knife |
Knives |
| Leaf |
Leaves |
| Wife |
Wives |
| Half |
Halves |
| Calf |
Calves |
| Shelf |
Shelves |
| Wolf |
Wolves |
| Loaf |
Loaves |
| Calf |
Calves |
Exception :
But some nouns ending with “f” or ” fe ” by making plurals of them simply “s” is added.
| Singular |
Plural |
| Proof |
Proofs |
| Belief |
Beliefs |
| Chef |
Chefs |
| Roof |
Roofs |
| Gulf |
Gulfs |
| Cuff |
Cuffs |
| Safe |
Safes |
| Chief |
Chiefs |
| Cliff |
Cliffs |
| Proof |
Proofs |
| Gulf |
Gulfs |
Rule no.8:
Plural of few nouns forms by changing the inside vowels of the singular.
| Rule number 8 |
| Singular |
Plural |
| Man |
Men |
| Woman |
Women |
| Goose |
Geese |
| Foot |
Feet |
| Tooth |
Teeth |
Rule no 9:
Some nouns have the same singular & plural forms.
| Rule number 9 |
| Singular |
Plural |
| Sheep |
Sheep |
| Deer |
Deer |
| Swine |
Swine |
| Million |
Million |
| Dozen |
Dozen |
| Grass |
Grass |
| Hair |
Hair |
| species |
species |
| Fish |
Fish |
| pair |
pair |
| Series |
Series |
| Swine |
Swine |
| News |
News |
| Tuna |
Tuna |
| Bison |
Bison |
| Aircraft |
Aircraft |
Irregular plural:
Some singular nouns do not follow any rules and their plural forms are irregular.
| Irregular plurals |
| Singular |
Plural |
| Child |
Children |
| Ox |
Oxen |
| Mouse |
Mice |
| Person |
People |
| Apex |
Apices |
| Larva |
Larvae |
| Analysis |
Analyses |
| Vita |
Vitae |
| Crisis |
Crises |
| Alumni |
Alumnae |
| Trout |
Trout |
| Genus |
Genera |
| Codex |
Codices |
| Index |
Indices |
| Quiz |
Quizzes |
| Datum |
Data |
| Curriculum |
Curricula |
| Focus |
Foci |
| Oasis |
Oases |
